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220 NONVIOLENT PROTEST METHODS.
220 NONVIOLENT PROTEST METHODS
The publication of this article in the current context is not insignificant. The events taking place in Spain, Greece and France, where several thousand pacifistic people are united and ask a real democracy now face the police brutality in this "democratic" countries. It show that non-violence always upsets the powers that be. But this article is not there to oppose non-violence and revolutionary violence. Indeed, these two forms of struggle can and should be complementary. It is mainly there to show that a priori anecdotal acts are actually acts of resistance and that each of us, who are handicapped persons, who can't move as they wish, have a place in a revolutionary dynamic.
This list, originally established by Gene Sharp in his book The Politics of Nonviolent Action Vol 2 - The Methods of Nonviolent Action (1973) was completed by members of the Anarchist forum Pavillon Noir.
THE METHODS OF NONVIOLENT PROTEST AND PERSUASION
Formal Statements
1. Public Speeches
2. Letters of opposition or support
3. Declarations by organizations and institutions
4. Signed public statements
5. Declarations of indictment and intention
6. Group or mass petitions
Communications with a Wider Audience
7. Slogans, caricatures, and symbols
8. Banners, posters, and displayed communications
9. Leaflets, pamphlets, and books
10. Newspapers and journals
11. Records, radio, and television
12. Skywriting and earthwriting
13. To Change pictures and adds
Group Representations
14. Deputations
15. Mock awards
16. Group lobbying
17. Picketing
18. Mock elections
Symbolic Public Acts
19. Displays of flags and symbolic colors
20. Wearing of symbols
21. Prayer and worship
22. Delivering symbolic objects
23. Protest disrobings
24. Destruction of own property
25. Symbolic lights
26. Displays of portraits
27. Paint as protest
28. New signs and names
29. Symbolic sounds
30. Symbolic reclamations
31. Rude gestures
32. Nonviolent Deterioration of the bougeoisie's symbols
Pressures on Individuals
33. "Haunting" officials
34. Taunting officials
35. Fraternization
36. To share knowledge and rescources
37. Vigils
Drama and Music
38. Humorous skits and pranks
39. Performances of plays and music
40. Singing
41. Militant sculptures
42. Militant comic strips and mangas
43. Militant painting
44. To organize support events (as concert...)
45. To direct a documentary film
46. Street art
Processions
47. Marches
48. Parades
49. Religious processions
50. Pilgrimages
51. Motorcades
Honoring the Dead
52. Political mourning
53. Mock funerals
54. Demonstrative funerals
55. Homage at burial places
Public Assemblies
56. Assemblies of protest or support
57. Protest meetings
58. Camouflaged meetings of protest
59. Teach-ins
Withdrawal and Renunciation
60. Walk-outs
61. Silence
62. Renouncing honors
63. Turning one's back
THE METHODS OF SOCIAL NONCOOPERATION
Ostracism of Persons
64. Social boycott
65. Selective social boycott
66. Lysistratic nonaction
67. Excommunication
68. Interdict
Noncooperation with Social Events, Customs, and Institutions
69. Suspension of social and sports activities
70. Boycott of social affairs
71. Student strike
72. Social disobedience
73. Withdrawal from social institutions
Withdrawal from the Social System
74. Stay-at-home
75. Total personal noncooperation
76. "Flight" of workers
77. Sanctuary
78. Collective disappearance
79. Protest emigration (hijrat)
THE METHODS OF ECONOMIC NONCOOPERATION: (1) ECONOMIC BOYCOTTS
Actions by Consumers
80. Consumers' boycott
81. Nonconsumption of boycotted goods
82. Policy of austerity
83. Rent withholding
84. Refusal to rent
85. National consumers' boycott
86. International consumers' boycott
Action by Workers and Producers
87. Workmen's boycott
88. Producers' boycott
Action by Middlemen
89. Suppliers' and handlers' boycott
Action by Owners and Management
90. Traders' boycott
91. Refusal to let or sell property
92. Lockout
93. Refusal of industrial assistance
94. Merchants' "general strike"
Action by Holders of Financial Resources
95. Withdrawal of bank deposits
96. Refusal to pay fees, dues, and assessments
97. Refusal to pay debts or interest
98. Severance of funds and c#ff6666it
99. Revenue refusal
100. Refusal of a government's money
Action by Governments
101. Domestic embargo
102. Blacklisting of traders
103. International sellers' embargo
104. International buyers' embargo
105. International trade embargo
THE METHODS OF ECONOMIC NONCOOPERATION: (2)THE STRIKE
Symbolic Strikes
106. Protest strike
107. Quickie walkout (lightning strike)
Agricultural Strikes
108. Peasant strike
109. Farm Workers' strike
Strikes by Special Groups
110. Refusal of impressed labor
111. Prisoners' strike
112. Craft strike
113. Professional strike
Ordinary Industrial Strikes
114. Establishment strike
115. Industry strike
116. Sympathetic strike
Restricted Strikes
117. Detailed strike
118. Bumper strike
119. Slowdown strike
120. Working-to-rule strike
121. Reporting "sick" (sick-in)
122. Strike by resignation
123. Limited strike
124. Selective strike
Multi-Industry Strikes
125. Generalized strike
126. General strike
Combination of Strikes and Economic Closures
127. Hartal
128. Economic shutdown
THE METHODS OF POLITICAL NONCOOPERATION
Rejection of Authority
129. Withholding or withdrawal of allegiance
130. Refusal of public support
131. Literature and speeches advocating resistance
Citizens' Noncooperation with Government
132. Boycott of legislative bodies
133. Boycott of elections
134. Boycott of government employment and positions
135. Boycott of government depts., agencies, and other bodies
136. Withdrawal from government educational institutions
137. Boycott of government-supported organizations
138. Refusal of assistance to enforcement agents
149. Removal of own signs and placemarks
140. Refusal to accept appointed officials
141. Refusal to dissolve existing institutions
Citizens' Alternatives to Obedience
142. Reluctant and slow compliance
143. Nonobedience in absence of direct supervision
144. Popular nonobedience
145. Disguised disobedience
146. Refusal of an assemblage or meeting to disperse
147. Sitdown
148. Noncooperation with conscription and deportation
149. Hiding, escape, and false identities
150. Civil disobedience of "illegitimate" laws
Action by Government Personnel
151. Selective refusal of assistance by government aides
152. Blocking of lines of command and information
153. Stalling and obstruction
154. General administrative noncooperation
155. Judicial noncooperation
156. Deliberate inefficiency and selective noncooperation by enforcement agents
157. Mutiny
Domestic Governmental Action
158. Quasi-legal evasions and delays
159. Noncooperation by constituent governmental units
International Governmental Action
160. Changes in diplomatic and other representations
161. Delay and cancellation of diplomatic events
162. Withholding of diplomatic recognition
163. Severance of diplomatic relations
164. Withdrawal from international organizations
165. Refusal of membership in international bodies
166. Expulsion from international organizations
THE METHODS OF NONVIOLENT INTERVENTION
Psychological Intervention
167. Self-exposure to the elements
168. The fast
a) Fast of moral pressure
b) Hunger strike
c) Satyagrahic fast
169. To become vegetarian / vegetalian
170. Reverse trial
171. Nonviolent harassment
Physical Intervention
172. Sit-in
173. Silence circle
174. Stand-in
175. Ride-in
176. Wade-in
177. Mill-in
178. Pray-in
179. Nonviolent raids
180. Nonviolent air raids
181. Nonviolent invasion
182. Nonviolent interjection
183. Nonviolent obstruction
184. Nonviolent occupation
Social Intervention
185. Establishing new social patterns
186. Overloading of facilities
187. Stall-in
188. Speak-in
189. Guerrilla theater
190. Alternative social institutions
191. Alternative communication system
192. To fight for marginalized cultures (occitania...)
193. To live in alternatives settlements
Economic Intervention
194. Reverse strike
195. Stay-in strike
196. Nonviolent land seizure
197. Defiance of blockades
198. Politically motivated counterfeiting
199. Preclusive purchasing
200. Seizure of assets
201. Dumping
202. Selective patronage
203. Alternative markets
204. To Create DIY clothes (as the classwear project)
205. Alternative transportation systems
206. Free car pay-back
207. Alternative economic institutions
208. Nonviolent dispossession of the bourgeoisie
Political Intervention
209. Overloading of administrative systems
210. Disclosing identities of secret agents
211. Seeking imprisonment
212. Civil disobedience of "neutral" laws
213. Work-on without collaboration
214. Dual sovereignty and parallel government
INTERNET
215. To create free speaking spaces where revolutionnaries values are applicated (forums)
216. Militant websites
217. Overloading of mailbox
218. Overloading of websites (as my space)
219. To create website to keep an on fascist activities
220. To use computers problems
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